International Geosciences Programme - IGCP 2021 Annual Report SC/IGCP/Rep2021IGCP 2021 UNESCO annual report 1 Table of Contents 1 Introduction ........................................................................................ 2 2 Definition of IGCP .............................................................................. 3 3 Summary of IGCP in 2021 ................................................................. 5 4 UNESCO IGCP Secretariat 2021 activities ....................................... 6 4.1 International Geoscience Programme Council Session ........................ 6 4.2 IGCP 2021 New Project Proposal Call .................................................... 8 4.3 IGCP Field short courses, on-line mentorship and digital lectures ..... 9 4.4 Collaboration with UNESCO National Commissions, UNESCO Category 2 centers and academic institutions to promote IGCP ................ 11 4.5 Approval of the International Geodiversity Day by 41st UNESCO General Conference ........................................................................................ 12 5 IGCP Projects 2021 demographics and activities summary……13 5.1 IGCP Project leaders and participants demographics ........................ 13 5.2 IGCP projects capacity building activities in 2021 .............................. 17 6 IGGP 2021 Financial Summary ............................................................. 19IGCP 2021 UNESCO annual report 2 1 Introduction Geoscience, or Earth Science, is the study of the Earth. This includes its surface and the processes that shape it but also its interior and the dynamics that occur beneath the crust. Through the study of the oceans, the atmosphere, rivers and lakes, ice sheets and glaciers, volcanoes and earthquakes, earth science aims to understand how these systems work today, how they operated in the past and to predict how they may behave in the future. The study of geoscience also covers how living things, including humans, interact with the Earth, for example, through the resources we use or how water and ecosystems are interconnected. However, it suffers from inherent limitations - incomplete data, lack of experimental control or the inability to make direct measurements - that are related to the fact that geoscience studies a 4.6-billion-year-old planet where most events occur at temporal scales much larger than the human lifetime. These challenges are very similar to those faced by sustainability science. It therefore becomes evident that geoscience is paramount for the successful implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals. UNESCO is the only United Nations organization with a mandate to support research and capacity in Earth Sciences and the International Geoscience and Geoparks Programme is our flagship. The International Geoscience and Geoparks Programme (IGGP) consists of two pillars: 1. International Geoscience Programme (IGCP), since 1972, has harnessed the intellectual capacity of a worldwide network of geoscientists to lay the foundation for our planet’s future, focusing on responsible and environmental resource extraction, natural hazard resiliency and preparedness, and adaptability in the era of a changing climate. 2. UNESCO Global Geoparks (UGGp) are laboratories for sustainable development, which promote the recognition and management of Earth heritage, and the sustainability of local communities. As of March 2022, there are 169 UNESCO Global Geoparks within 44 Member States. UNESCO’s International Geoscience and Geoparks Programme (IGGP) is implemented through these two activities: The International Geoscience Programme, a co-operative venture with the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS), and the UNESCO Global Geoparks Network. They coordinate their work through a shared UNESCO Secretariat and joint coordination meetings of their respective bureau, which convene as necessary. The chairpersons of the two respective Councils co-chair the IGGP. In the framework of the International Geoscience and Geoparks Programme (IGGP), this report is drafted by UNESCO IGGP Secretariat. This report summarizes: • UNESCO IGGP Secretariat 2021 activities related to the IGCP, • The results, scientific achievements and capacity building activities of IGCP projects in 2021.IGCP 2021 UNESCO annual report 3 2 Definition of IGCP Since 1972, UNESCO, through the International Geoscience Programme (IGCP) and in partnership with the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS), has harnessed the intellectual capacity of a worldwide network of geoscientists to lay the foundation for our planet’s future, focusing on responsible and environmental resource extraction, natural hazard resilience and preparedness. The International Geoscience Programme (IGCP) serves as a knowledge hub of UNESCO to facilitate international scientific cooperation in the geosciences. The IGCP mission includes promoting sustainable use of natural resources, advancing new initiatives related to geo- diversity and geo-heritage and geohazards risk mitigation. The IGCP promotes collaborative projects with a special emphasis on the benefit to society, capacity-building, and the advancement and sharing of knowledge between scientists with an emphasis on North-South and South-South cooperation. IGCP operates by providing seed funding grants donated by UNESCO, IUGS and extra-budgetary sources such as Jeju Province development Corporation (JPDC) and Republic of China National Commission to UNESCO. IGCP projects primarily deal with geosciences on global issues within its five main themes: i. Earth Resources Theme supports innovative research and capability building projects in the areas of mineral resources and Geoenergy. The call will provide seed funding to projects addressing: environmentally responsible and innovative methods of exploration and exploitation of mineral resources and their recycling; sustainable approaches for the exploration and extraction of energy derived from the earth such as fossil fuels, coal, peat and geothermal energy; Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), Geological Sequestration of CO2 ii. Global Change Theme supports innovative research and capacity building projects in the areas of understanding earth’s past climate as well as environment and ecosystem changes to learn important lessons about present-day environmental challenges and ways to mitigate and manage future environmental damage. This theme welcomes proposals with a special emphasis on: Knowledge enhancement of the Earth’s paleoclimate, paleoenvironment and paleontology, improving our ability to predict future climate and environment changes, and to provide scientific data for sustainable development strategies; Gathering global scale geological evidence for the Anthropocene, such as geopolitical processes and human-driven species invasions on the Anthropocene environmental changes, and establishing a forum for academic exchanges of the Anthropocene Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) studies. iii. Geohazards Theme supports research projects focusing on measuring, analyzing, modeling, forecasting, prediction or mitigation of natural hazards (volcanoes, earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, droughts, landslides, hurricanes, meteoric impacts, etc.) and triggered by recent human interactions (e.g. earthquakes derived from O&G industry, mining-related landslides, dam-made floods.), with a particular emphasis in Geohazards nearby metropolitan areas and Geohazards disaster risk reduction related to human activitiesIGCP 2021 UNESCO annual report 4 iv. Hydrogeology Theme supports support innovative research and capacity building projects in the areas of water resources and services that are essential to achieving global sustainability with a particular emphasis in projects addressing: -Water provision issues associated with climate change, water availability, quality and health, which are emerging critical issues for the future sustainability of our society; - Small islands developing states (SIDS) and Africa, being UNESCO priority regions, are especially vulnerable with respect to contamination and (sufficient) water supply v. Geodynamics theme prioritizes projects using inter alia (geochemical, petrological, mathematical and geophysical) techniques to study deep Earth processes (ranging from changes in the Earth's magnetic field to plate tectonics) which are also relevant to natural resource exploration, distribution and management of groundwater resources and the study and mitigation of natural hazards such as earthquakes and volcanoes. Geodynamics theme welcomes project proposals that focus on the research and capacity building for the application of multidisciplinary geosciences techniques to study Earth processes with outcomes addressing global scientific, environmental, economic and societal challenges (such as responsible use of natural resources, geoheritage, geohazards and climate change mitigation) in developing countries New themes, in relevant topics in fundamental and applied geoscience, can be defined annually by the IGCP Council, UNESCO and IUGS. Each project has an average lifespan of five years and its progress is assessed annually through a rigorous peer- review process conducted by the IGCP Council following the evaluation reports from members of the Scientific Board made during the first half of February or March. The Scientific Board and IGCP Council (Annex 6) are also responsible for evaluating new project proposals. The Scientific Board consists of about 60 specialists responsible for the technical reviews and it works electronically only. Board members are appointed as specialists in their given field for each of the five IGCP themes, with preferably an overlap in the Earth sciences fields, and reflects a worldwide geographic distribution. The IGCP Council consists of six members, a chairperson and five experts, one for each IGCP theme and they meet annually at UNESCO Headquarters, in 2020 and 2021 these meeting had to be organized virtually due to COVID19 pandemic related global travel restrictions. As the IGCP has a limited budget, IGCP support is specially allocated to support early career and female scientists from developing countries.5 3 Summary of IGCP in 2021 Despite the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic since 2020, IGCP, through its projects, and through its partnerships and cooperation with scientific community throughout the world, supported scientific and educational cooperation and delivered more than ninety geoscientific capacity building activities and promoted geoscientific solidarity-initiatives that helped society to face this unprecedented crisis. IGCP statutory Meeting and 2021 call for project proposals: UNESCO Secretariat organized the 6th session of the IGCP Council meeting online through teleconferencing on the 8th and 10th of March 2021. In this meeting, the progress of the 5 ongoing projects was assessed and 24 new proposals - submitted as of 15th October 2020– were reviewed. The Council decided to continue supporting 41 ongoing projects and approved 18 new entries, totaling 57 active IGCP projects in 2021. IGCP Council approved also the addition of new annually defined special topic entitled Geoheritage for sustainable development and accepted seven new projects within this new theme of the IGCP, these seven new projects are connected with the UNESCO Global Geoparks community and this new theme of the IGCP will demonstrate the collaboration between two pillars of the IGGP showcasing IGCP projects delivered within and in collaboration with the UGGPs. The Council accepted eight projects without funding in 2021, allocated funding for 50 projects and decided to close 5 projects which completed their term. UNESCO Secretariat disseminated the results of the 6th IGCP Council meeting with the Member States and made them available at UNESCO website. IGCP Council members prepared video presentations to explain their work, these presentations are available from IGCP Council website. For the year 2021, only one special topic has been agreed by the Council members “Enhancing Societal Acceptance of the Sustainable Development of Earth’s Geological Resources” and new call for project proposal launched by the Secretariat at UNESCO website. In 2021, UNESCO IGCP secretariat received 27 new IGCP project proposals (Annex 5), this high interest to the IGCP is aligned with the increase of new project proposal submissions observed since 2017 (Table 1). IGCP finances in 2021: The International Geoscience programme project portfolio and budget showed considerable increase since 2016 thanks to extensive dissemination activities led by UNESCO Secretariat to promote the IGCP and additional financial support received from Republic of Korea’s Jeju Province Development Corporation (JPDC). The Council, during their 6th Council session, allocated $345,185 for 51 IGCP projects which were eligible for funding in 2021. However due to ongoing COVID19 pandemic 22 eligible projects did not request their 2021 funding and asked to transfer their funds to 2022, this request was accepted by IUGS and IGCP Council as an exception due to the ongoing pandemic related travel restrictions. In 2021, in collaboration between UNESCO Secretariat and IUGS Treasurer, IUGS and UNESCO provided $177,600 for 27 projects (Table 1). IGCP projects demographics and capacity building activities in 2021: 57 active IGCP projects led by 326 projects leaders from 92 countries were able to deliver more than 80 digital and face-to-face capacity building activities reaching out more than 6000 scientists from 126 countries. In 2021, female (% 39 of participants, %40 of project leaders), early career (%42) and developing world (%47) participations to the IGCP continued to increase (Figures 2 to 6).6 IGCP Secretariat led capacity building activities: In 2021, UNESCO IGCP Secretariat, with the approval of the IGCP Council and in collaboration with the IUGS, the Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Applied Geosciences (iCRAG), Society for geology applied to mineral deposits (SGA), The Earth Project (tEP) and French Institute for Ocean Science (IFREMER) delivered a series of online lectures and mentorship program as well as two face-to- face field courses in Africa with the participation of more than 8000 scientists from 145 countries. IGCP communications and outreach publications in 2021: In order to better inform and engage the researchers involved in the 57 active IGCP projects, UNESCO Secretariat provided regular updates on the IGCP projects webpage and initiated the dissemination of a biannual newsletter (Annexes 1 and 2) showing how the oldest geoscience cooperation programme in the world, the IGCP and UNESCO Global geoparks, have been delivering a multitude of actions that contribute for the advancement of science literacy, sustainable development and science literacy, despite the difficulties imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. 4 UNESCO IGCP Secretariat 2021 activities In 2021, UNESCO IGCP Secretariat delivered below listed main activities: 1. Organization of the annual statutory meeting of the 6th IGCP Council from 10-12 March 2021, 2. Launch and management of IGCP 2021 New Project Proposal Call, collection and evaluation of new project proposals as well as evaluation of 57 active projects annual reports, 3. Delivery IGCP field short courses, on-line mentorship and digital lectures: • UNESCO Lecture Series: Earth Materials for a Sustainable and Thriving Society, • UNESCO-The Earth Project Young Ambassadors training program, • Earth-Ocean Links International School in Ghana, • Short Course on African Metallogeny in Namibia, 4. Delivery of lectures in collaboration with UNESCO National Commissions and UNESCO Category 2 centers to promote the IGCP, 5. Coordination of the approval of the International Geodiversity Day by 41st UNESCO General Conference 4.1 International Geoscience Programme Council 6th Closed Session UNESCO IGCP secretariat is responsible for the organization and financial support of the annual statutory meeting of the IGCP Council, which assess new IGCP project proposals and annual reports of existing projects as well as to agree on yearly fund allocation to each project. In 2021, IGCP Council meeting was organized via videoconferencing facilities due to ongoing COVID19 pandemic. During the 6th closed Council session (8-10th March 2021), the IGCP council members reviewed 26 new project proposals received by October 2020. Most of IGCP projects had to stop their activities in 2020 due to first year of the COVID19 pandemic and global lockdowns hence they did not submit annual reports and did not request new fuding in 2021 except 5 ongoing IGCP projects submitted their annual reports for the year of 2020 and IGCP Council evaluated their reports and allocated new funding for the year of 2021. The7 IGCP Council approved 18 new projects in 2021 (Annex 3) and agreed to continue supporting 39 ongoing projects (Annex 4). This resulted in a total of 57 IGCP projects approved by the Council to be active in 2021 (Figure 1). Figure 1: Distribution of 57 active IGCP projects by IGCP topics in 2021 In 2021, IGCP welcomed a new annually defined new topic entitled Geoheritage for Sustainable Development with the aim of showcasing the collaboration between two pillars of the International Geoscience and Geoparks programme and to enable IGCP projects delivery within and in connection with UNESCO Global Geoparks. The call for proposals under the Geoheritage for Sustainable Development Special Topic targeted new projects focusing on the protection of geological formations which are essential to: 1) keeping the memory of the evolution of the earth; (2) learning from evolving processes to solve emerging problems and (3) the success of a future sustainable development of local communities, in particular in terms of resource management, renewable energies, energy efficiency, farming, land use and peatland management. The call for the theme of Geoheritage for Sustainable Development aimed to provide seed funding to projects applying best practices and to projects contributing to the strengthening and empowering of local communities to ensure that the geological importance of an area can be preserved and promoted for science, education and culture. As a response to IGCP 2020 call for project proposals including Geoheritage for Sustainable Development annually defined Special Topic, in 2021, for the first time since its establishment, UNESCO IGCP Secretariat received high number of IGCP project proposals submitted in collaboration with the UNESCO Global Geoparks community. This new development responded to UNESCO’s Internal Oversight Services (IOS) evaluation report of the program which proposed to enhance programmatic links between the IGCP and the UGGp. IGCP Council warmly welcomed below listed six new IGCP projects, which will be delivered in collaboration with the Global Geoparks Network (GGN) and IUGS using UNESCO Global Geoparks territories as learning laboratories: 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Geohazards Earth resources Hydrogeology Global Change Geodynamics Geoheritage for Sustainable development 14 11 9 12 5 68 • IGCP 727- Geological heritage - sustainable management of geological hazards and water resources in transboundary region of Kyrgyzstan • IGCP 731- IUGS Geological Heritage sites • IGCP 737- SMART Geology for better Community • IGCP 714- 3GEO – Geoclimbing & Geotrekking in Geoparks • IGCP 736- SEDSNet - Science and Education for Sustainable Development Networks in UGGp • IGCP 726- GEOfood for sustainable development in UNESCO Global Geoparks IGCP 726 “GEOfood for sustainable development in UNESCO Global Geoparks” project received IGCP’s Council "Special Award”. Due to the COVID19 pandemic, in 2021 UNESCO Secretariat could not organize IGCP Council Open session to present the Council’s work to UNESCO National Commissions and Permanent delegations but the results of the Council session were shared at UNESCO website and by PAX with a letter to UNESCO Stakeholders and recordings of IGCP Council members were made available at UNESCO website. 4.2 IGCP 2021 New Project Proposal Call The Council of the International Geoscience Programme (IGCP) agreed, during the 6th Council session in March 2021, to launch a new call for project proposals to promote collaborative projects under UNESCO umbrella with a special emphasis on the benefit to society, capacity- building, and the advancement and sharing of knowledge between scientists. UNESCO’s mandate acknowledges that research into the sustainable development of Earth’s Resources is an important element in providing UNESCO Member States information and data to implement the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Enhancing societal acceptance of such sustainable development is a critical, but currently an under-researched, step in this process. With this in mind, the 2021 call addressed IGCP’s current vision, focused on efficient, safe, sustainable and renewable natural resources exploration and extraction and on improving the understanding, prediction and mitigation of climate change and geohazards. This vision is expressed 2021 annual topic: “Enhancing Societal Acceptance of the Sustainable Development of Earth’s Geological Resources”. Proposals were expected to be multi- disciplinary projects addressing the topic in at least one of the following scientific domains: geohazards, earth resources, geodynamics, hydrogeology, global change and geoheritage for sustainable development. Addressing existing IGCP themes, project proposals were invited to focus on defining, developing and documenting case studies and best practices to enhance societal acceptance of the sustainable development of Earth’s geological resources and explore the linkages with the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Priority will be given to projects aimed at understanding the legitimate concerns of indigenous communities and the potential conflicts arising from the impact of the development of Earth Resources. Proposals related to the annual topic and scientific domains as well as focused on Artificial Intelligence (AI), big data and cloud computing9 methodologies for application in the Geosciences and projects in aspiring and existing UNESCO Global Geoparks, were invited. The deadline for project proposals was the 15 September 2021 and the IGCP UNESCO secretariat received 27 new project proposals. (Figure2, Annex 4). These proposals will be evaluated during the 7th Session of the IGCP Council between 14th and 16th March 2022. 4.3 IGCP field short courses, on-line mentorship and digital lectures In 2021, UNESCO IGCP Secretariat collaborated with the IUGS and international geoscientific institutions and delivered two short courses in Africa as well as several digital lecture series. i. UNESCO Lecture Series: Earth Materials for a Sustainable and Thriving Society The Lecture Series provided geoscience and social science perspectives on Earth materials and their role in society and achieving the SDGs. The 11 speakers included six women and five men from nine countries and four continents. The Series was developed in collaboration with the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) and iCRAG, the Irish Centre for Research in Applied Geosciences. The lectures were produced and broadcast live between 26 January and 9 March 2021. We were very gratified to see that below listed online videos have attracted more than 8000 views as of March 2022. • Earth Materials: The Foundation for Development, by Dr. Larry Meinert (USA) and Dr. Nellie Mutemeri (South Africa) | Video • Climate Neutrality, the Circular Economy, and Earth Materials, by Dr. John Thompson (Canada) and Prof. Frances Wall (U.K.) | Video • The Neglected Minerals and Materials of Development, by Prof. Daniel Franks (Australia) | Video • Mineral Extraction and Communities, by Dr. Rajiv Maher (Mexico) and Dr. Melba Kapesa Wasunna (Kenya) | Video • Suppliers, Consumers, and the Global Minerals Supply Chain, by Dr. Kathryn Moore (U.K.) and Dr. Judy Muthuri (U.K. and Kenya) | Video • Earth Materials and a Sustainable Future, by Prof. Murray Hitzman (Ireland) and Ms. Halleluya Naantu Ekandjo (Ireland and Namibia) | Video ii. UNESCO & The Earth Project Young Ambassadors digital training program In April 2021, UNESCO connected with IUGS and The Earth Project (tEP), to provide a 6- month virtual internship to talented young environmental enthusiasts from around the world. More than 350 individuals responded to the call and through a rigorous selection process, 22 young ambassadors from 19 countries were chosen. During the first 3 months the Young Ambassadors received weekly guest talks from 12 world-class experts, with topics ranging from plastic pollution, biodiversity loss, ecosystem restoration to formalizing climate change as part of the school curriculum. The Programme also included workshops on digital media platforms, UN International Day events, global public surveys, as well as how to best communicate environmental science to citizens all over the world. Some of the highlights of their training culminated with their contributions to Earth Day and their running of World Environment Day. For the latter event, the Young Ambassadors interviewed more than 3010 experts from both their own countries and further afield, asking critical questions about key Earth challenges such as provision of clean water, sustainable architecture, efficacy of tree planting and messaging around geohazards. During this event the Young Ambassadors presented the combined results of their climate education survey and pollution survey, the former receiving more than 500 responses from around the world. During the latter stages of the summer/early autumn, a number of UNESCO IGCP project leaders provided enlightening talks about their projects. Following on from a series of workshops led by UNESCO IGCP Secretariat and tEP’s science communications team, the young ambassadors chose a sub- selection of the IGCP projects to practice their own science communication skills and created infographics and below listed insightful talks delivered by some of the IGCP project leaders: • IGCP 639 Sea Level changes from minute to millennia, Infographics by Autumn Joseph • IGCP 636 Geothermal Resources for Energy Transition, Infographics by Erece Sanchéz • IGCP 672 Himalayan glaciers, Infographics by Arijit Goswami and Nisha Walvekar • IGCP 736 SEDSNet Science and Education for Sustainable Development, Infographics by Mich Jane Awuor, Dorothy Kazombo Mwale and Joycelyn N.M. Biya, • IGCP 669 Identification of seismogenic faults in LATAM The young ambassadors graduated on 30th Sept 2021 and their feedback was exceptionally positive and satisfying for both UNESCO IGCP Secretariat and tEP teams who devoted so much time and care into this training program. iii. IGCP and IFREMER Earth-Ocean Links International School UNESCO's International Geoscience programme (IGCP) and the Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - IFREMER - delivered the "Earth-Ocean Link (EOL) Trans-African International Itinerant Master Class" on the Earth-Ocean links and the intersphere connections, between the 3rd and the 10th October 2021 at the University of Ghana, Accra. With a particular focus on Epistemology, Scientific Methodology and Integrity, and through seminars, tutorials and fieldwork, the course provided training opportunity for master, PhD students, young scientists and industry professionals. The EOL itinerant Master Class intended to improve students academic qualifications, increase the industry-academy interaction and therefore raise the employability of the participants. The course had a special focus on young female professionals. Twenty-one masters students, PhD, lecturers, young industrial employees participated in the course, including two PhD student for Nelson Mandela University from Port Elizabeth, South Africa. The International Master Class ran for five days and covered topics such as epistemology and scientific approach, geophysics tools, plate tectonics, sedimentology, seismic interpretation, coastal management, anthropic impacts, South African and Ghanaian Geology. The course ended with two days of fieldtrip. Check the full programme here. iv. 7th SGA-IUGS-UNESCO-SEG- Short Course on African Metallogeny The international short course on Energy Metals was held in a hybrid format at the Ministry of Mines and Energy in Windhoek (Namibia) between 29th November– 3rd December 2021.The11 program consisted of 3 days of lectures and workshops, and 2 days of fieldtrips in the region of Swakopmund. Total number of sixty delegates and lecturers exchanged on the critical metals for the present and future applications also evaluating on so-called “green” technologies. 10 foreign students arrived from Western and North Africa and 17 Namibian students participated for the first time. Lecturers and delegates joined remotely from Australia, Ireland, England, Italy, Portugal, Germany, South Africa, Nigeria, and Namibia, and physically from Namibia, France, and South Africa. Students and young scientists from Namibia networked with students from Algeria, Senegal, Cameroon, Ivory Coast and South Africa. The lecturers from industries, universities, consulting companies, government organizations and the Geological Survey, addressed a variety of aspects: The Geology and Metallogeny of Namibia, with the enormous work performed by geologists from the Namibian Geological Survey, the universities, and consultants. All metal session (U, V, Pb-Zn, Cu, REE, Li,) included aspects on circular economy, on specific Namibian ore deposits, ore deposit formation, exploration, mining, and processing at the highest level. A critical view on these metals in the current political, economic, and industrial context of Namibia, Southern Africa, and importance of these metals for the global and European processing and manufacturing industries, was debated. Furthermore, global topics, regulations, and actions on mining in the view of reaching the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) defined by the UN and other international government bodies, to reach carbon-neutrality in 2050, were addressed. The future Namibian UNESCO-supported Geopark introduced by Dr. Gabi Schneider (UGGp Council Member), was also part of the excursion program. Fieldtrips included highlights such as a visit to the Lepidico Mine project, the Eureka Exploration Project on a challenging REE occurrences in carbonatites, the largest open pit Rössing Uranium mine and processing plant and textbook outcrops of famous geological sites (badlands, dolerite dykes emplaced during the opening of the Atlantic Ocean into Upper Precambrian, skarn mineralogy and contact metamorphic features), amazing landscapes and geological landmarks (Spitzkoppe, badlands) all part of an aspiring geopark. 4.4 Collaboration with UNESCO National Commissions, UNESCO Category 2 centers and academic institutions to promote IGCP UNESCO IGCP secretariat delivered lectures in collaboration with IGCP National Committees and UNESCO National Commissions as well UNESCO Category 2 Centers and academic institutions for the promotion and outreach of the IGCP within UNESCO Member States. The Secretariat provided keynote lectures and supported several training activities organized by below listed institutions in 2021: • The 2021 Annual Meeting of the China National Committee for IGCP successfully convened on November 13-14, 2021. The hybrid event was held with a limited in- person audience paired with a virtual meeting due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The meeting attracted a large number of geoscientists and students on the virtual platform, with an accumulated audience reaching 3,734 people and a total of 11,600 clicks. During this meeting IGCP Secretariat and several IGCP projects presented their research and results • Between the 15th and 26th of November, the International Research Center on12 Karst (IRCK) Under the auspices of UNESCO (Category 2 Centre) and supported by the Institute of Karst Geology (IKG), Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (CAGS) and the China Geological Survey, organized the International Training Course on Karst and Sustainable Development. UNESCO Secretariat delivered a lecture on "International Geoscience Programme and UNESCO Designated Sites", enabling early career geoscientists to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals and KARST research/capacity building. 41 trainees from 18 countries attended the course. • The Associación de Servicios de Geologia y Mineria Iberoamericanos -ASGMI organized a webinar series in November dedicated to “Critical and Strategic Minerals in IberoAmerica”; ”The role of Geological Surveys in Geoheritage valorisation” and “Geochemistry at society’s service”. In the latter, UNESCO’s secretariat presented the work/involvement on the global geochemical mapping activities as well as IGCP’s current status and invited geological surveys from South America to support the programme. • The Karlsruhe Institute for technology (KIT) established in 2021 international webinar series with the aim to provide individuals from the KIT Earth and space science community the opportunity to gain comprehensive knowledge on the latest advancements in geoscientific developments without the need of travelling in these uncertain times. The webinar series were dedicated to presentations and following discussions on new scientific ideas, exciting research projects, overviews of a geoscientific discipline, and new perspective in geosciences. Dr. Alik Ismail-Zadeh, Secretary of the ISC Governing Board 2018-2021, the moderator of the webinar series invited UNESCO IGCP Secretariat who presented a lecture entitled International Geoscience Programme Enabling Early Career Geoscientists to Achieve Sustainable Development Goals 4.5 Approval of the International Geodiversity Day by 41st UNESCO General Conference In September 2021, more than 100 international and national organisations supported by IUGS proposed UNESCO to instigate International Geodiversity Day. This group included 84 national organizations from 41 countries, 17 international organisations such as the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and the International Union of Speleology, the African Association of Women in Geosciences, the Geological Society of Africa and the European Geoscience Union. UNESCO IGGP Secretariat provided technical support for this initiative led by Portugal Permeant Delegation for UNESCO with the supports of more than 69 Member states as well as Professors José Brilha, Murray Gray Zbigniew Zwolinski and Dr Jack Matthews on behalf of global geoscientific community. UNESCO Secretariat, in collaboration with UNESCO Chair Prof, Iain Stewart, contributed the production of a short video explaining the importance of the geodiversity. This video was translated to more than 20 languages and projected during the 212th session of UNESCO Executive Board in April 2021 as well as UNESCO 41st General Conference. Following the endorsement of UNESCO’s Executive Board in April 2021, the International13 Geodiversity Day was established by the 41st session of the UNESCO General Conference in November 2021. From now on, the 6th of October will be an annual worldwide celebration, raising awareness across society about the importance of non-living nature for the well-being and prosperity of all living beings on the planet. UNESCO’s International Geoscience and Geoparks Programme (IGGP) is responsible for administering International Geodiversity Day. Over the coming years, these partners will engage with decision-makers, students, teachers and the general public to broaden awareness of the richness of geodiversity. 5 IGCP Projects 2021 demographics and activities summary 5.1 IGCP Project leaders and participants demographics In 2021 a total number of 326 Project Leaders from 92 Project Leader countries (Figure 2) delivered the activities and objectives of 57 active IGCP projects (Annex 3). Figure 2: World map showing the countries of 326 IGCP project leaders from 92 working in collaboration to deliver the objectives of 57 IGCP projects in 2021*The boundaries and names shown and the designations used in this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations" As an outstanding international collaboration Programme, most of IGCP project are delivered by high number of co-leaders. The IGCP projects were always delivered through international collaboration but in the early years of the Program, each project was led by 2-3 project leaders number as shown in in Figure 3 (see the period between 1974 and 2009). As a result of UNESCO IGCP Secretariat’s extensive outreach and communication campaigns, the number of new project proposal submissions and projects leaders increased considerably since 2016 and we see that since 2016 new project leader numbers exceeded considerably number of new IGCP projects and each IGCP project is delivered by large international consortium (Figure 3).14 Figure 3: IGCP Project and Project leader numbers (new and cumulative) changes since 1974 showing considerable increases since 2016 IGCP Council, since 2015, prioritizes projects led by female and early career scientists from developing nations. The IGCP projects were always delivered through international collaboration but in the early years of the Program, projects leaders consisted mostly of male geologists who were from western and eastern hemispheres with projects having co-leaders from less than five countries. Since 2015, IGCP carried out extensive outreach initiatives to improve global participation and gender equality with an important focus on developing world countries and north-south hemisphere collaboration. Figure 4 shows that in 2021, each IGCP project is led by high number of male and female (40 %) project leader. 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 1974 1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2014 2019 # Le ad er s # Pr oj ec ts Year Active IGCP Projects and Leaders between 1974 and 2021 Projects Project Leaders 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 1974 1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2014 2019 # Le ad er s # Pr oj ec ts Year New IGCP Project and Leaders per Year from 1974 to 2021 Projects Project Leaders15 Figure 4: 57 Active IGCP projects in 2021 were delivered by high number of project leaders and gender parity Earth sciences are still largely represented by male scientists but as a result of a strong prioritization on the participation of female scientists, in particular of young female scientists from developing countries, in 2021, 40% of the active project leaders and participants were female geologists, and early career (42%) and developing world (47%) participations continued to increase from a 25% ratio in 2012. In 2021, more than 5500 participants from 126 countries worked together to deliver the objectives of 57 (22 in 2015) active IGCP projects led by 326 project leaders (168 in 2015) from 92 (53 in 2015) countries. Today, IGCP projects are being delivered by up to 14 project leaders from more than ten different countries from different regions (Figure 5). Figure 5: 57 Active IGCP projects in 2021 showing high number of project leaders collaboration between different regions Figure 6 shows very promising progresses from gender equality and youth involvement perspectives demonstrating IGCP’s contributions to the SDG6 and SDG17. Figure 7 shows the changes related to UNESCO’s Africa and Gender equality priorities which are very motivating as we see that African scientists involvement to the IGCP increased from 8 countries in 2015 to 32 countries in 2021 while African project leaders numbers increased from 15 (in 2015) to 57 in 2021.16 Figure 6: IGCP projects demographics changes between 2016 to 2021 (2020 data was not included due to COVID19 pandemic related travel restrictions) Figure 7: IGCP projects responding UNESCO’s main priorities Africa and gender equality and showed considerable improvements since 2015: 27 3558 24 38 42 148 53 96 130000 23 3377 26 46 47 150 52 110 128000 27 4485 27 46 48 169 56 105 150000 27 4417 32 49 49 165 59 114 181000 57 5778 39 42 47 326 92 126 343000 Number of active IGCP projects Number of project participants % of female project participants % of young scientist participants % of scientists from developing countries Number of project leaders Number of project leader countries Number of countries participating in IGCP projects Funding allocated by Council ($) 2016 2017 2018 2019 2021 19 8 15 24 12 11 26 30 15 27 28 15 32 32 28 40 32 57 % women as project leaders Number of African countries participating IGCP projects Number of African project leaders 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 202117 5.2 IGCP projects capacity building activities in 2021 In 2021, total number of 84 capacity building (51 Online/digital events and 16 field trips) IGCP events were organized (Figure 8) outreaching more than 5500 scientists from 126 countries (figure 9). Figure 8: Number of events organized by IGCP projects and participants in 2021 Figure 9: World map showing 126 countries of IGCP project participants countries in 2021*The boundaries and names shown and the designations used in this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations" IGCP Secretariat promoted and disseminated the invitations for IGCP project capacity building activities via social media as well UNESCO website, which dedicated a special web link for each of 57 active IGCP projects. In 2021, IGCP projects contributed to the UN2030 agenda, the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction and international agreements such as COP26 by delivering IGCP’s vision defined by its council with a special focus on:18 I. Efficient, safe, sustainable and renewable natural resources exploration and extraction Within this thematic the IGCP projects conducted not only cutting-edge science on issues such as mineral, water and geothermal resources, but also capacity-building activities aimed at researchers, students, civil society and local authorities which play a relevant role in enhancing societal acceptance of the exploitation of geo-resources for sustainable development. In 2021, ten projects organised 15 professional development courses such as: Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques to equip Southern African geoscientists with knowledge that allows them to produce a sustainability atlas; a work-integrated course on “development minerals” in Pacific, Africa and South America; water resources and mining in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire; water resources research within the territory of aspiring geoparks sites in Spain, Palestine, Jordan, Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia as well as on Palaeozoic carbonate build-ups in Loei-Phetchabun (Thailand) fold belt and regional correlation. II. Improved understanding, prediction and mitigation of climate change and geohazards During 2021, eight projects organized a total of 25 webinars, mini-courses, research meetings, field workshops and even a science-art residency, some examples are: the origin and geochemistry of arsenic as well as its effects on human health; remediation technologies in the Altiplano-Puna plateau of South America and comparative case studies around the world; the "World Map of Orogens"; the Transformations of the Eastern Rift Valley Lakes in Nairobi; the West Makran Paleo-tsunami Investigation in Iran, Oman, India; field courses about the Geoheritage for Geohazard Resilience in Nicaragua, Peru, Italy which were followed by eight international webinars followed by more than thousands of participants; on Volcanic Gas Studies: Methods, Best Practices, and Interactions in the Northern Andes organised in Ecuador. III. Geoheritage for sustainable developments and Geoparks In 2021, IGCP projects contributed to the strengthening and empowering of local communities and ensured that the geological importance of an area can be preserved and promoted for science, education and culture. With that in mind several field trips, meetings and fruitful discussions were organised amongst project leaders and researchers, some examples are: initiation of international collaboration to study natural resources and geoheritage connections for the establishment of a transboundary geopark in the southwest of Tien-Shan - an area with an outstanding geological heritage covering part of the territory of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan; Geofood and its connection with geodiversity and contribution to the SDGs in UNESCO Global Geoparks; Definition and Main Standards of an IUGS Geological Heritage Site regarding the selection of “The First 100 IUGS Global Geosites”. IV. Geology for Sustainable Development Led by UNESCO Chair Prof. Iain Stewart, in 2021 IGCP 685 project conducted a series of talks with geoscience “thought leaders”, focused on questions such as: • What role will geoscience have to play in delivering society’s goals in the next 30 years? • How does geoscience need to change to meet the challenges of the future?19 • How can we increase the profile and attractiveness of geoscience The result is a series of fascinating and surprising talks are available here. 6 IGGP 2021 Financial Summary The Council, during their 6th Council session, allocated $343,185 for 50 IGCP projects which were eligible for funding in 2021. However due to ongoing COVID19 pandemic 22 projects requested to transfer their funding (total amount of $167,585) to 2022 and this was accepted by IUGS and IGCP Council. 2021 being another challenging year and most geosciences projects having considerable delays due to the travel restrictions related to the COVID19 pandemic, 27 projects successfully managed to deliver their capacity building activities and used their finding to sponsor early career scientists. In 2021, in collaboration between UNESCO Secretariat and IUGS Treasurer, UNESCO provided $177,600 for 27 projects (Annex 3). Table 1 shows UNESCO’s financial contributions to the IGCP projects between 2017 and 2021 with considerable increase since 2018 thanks to new donations from the Jeju Province Development Corporation (JPDC) of Republic of Korea. 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Number of IGCP projects approved to receive funding from UNESCO and IUGS 21 22 26 36 49 of 57 active projects* Budget allocated to eligible projects $116,500 $140,000 $180,500 Total Council allocation: $225,864 Total Council allocation: $345,185 Budget spent Or budget transferred to next year due to COVID19 pandemic $116,500 $140,000 $180,500 Budget spent in 2020: $34,346 2020 Budget transferred to 2021: $191,518 Budget spent in in 2021: $177,600 2021 budget which will be transferred to 2022 and be contracted in 2022: $167,585** Table 1: IGCP projects budget between 2017 and 2022 * eight projects were active without funding in 2021 ** This amount will be added to the 2022 IGCP budget allocation, which will be approved by the 7th Session of the IGCP Council in March 202220 Annexes Annex 1 IGGP 2021 newsletter 1st edition 21 Annex 2 IGGP 2021 newsletter 2nd edition 22 Annex 3 List of new IGCP projects approved by the Council in 2021 24 Annex 4 Financial Table for active 57 IGCP Projects in 2021 31 Annex 5 List of new IGCP proposals received in 2021 32 Annex 6 IGCP Council Members and Scientific Board Members 3621 ANNEX 1 IGGP newsletter 1st edition22 ANNEX 2 IGGP newsletter 2nd edition23 ANNEX 3 List of new IGCP projects approved by the Council in 2021 1. IGCP 722: Stone for Development Work-integrated learning and action research program, Raijeli Taga from Fiji with scientists from Australia, Cameroon, Ghana, Philippines, Zimbabwe 2. IGCP 735: Rocks and the Rise of Ordovician Life (Rocks n' ROL), Bertrand Lefebvre from France with scientists from Argentina, China, Estonia, Iran, Morocco, Russia, UK, 3. IGCP 732: "LANGUAGE of the Anthropocene (Acronym: LANGUAGE - Lessons in anthropogenic impact: a knowledge network of geological signals to unite and assess global evidence of the Anthropocene)", Michael Wagreich from Austria with scientists from , China, Germany, Japan, Kenya, Pakistan, Poland, UK, 4. IGCP 719: Building Research Capacity for Coastal Resilience in West Africa, Mallé Gueye (Senegal) and scientists from Ghana and USA 5. IGCP 739: The Mesozoic-Palaeogene hyperthermal events, Xiumian Hu from China with scientists from India, Ireland, Turkey, USA 6. IGCP 730: Hydrogeological Significance of Mediterranean Geoparks, Marwan Ghanem from Palestine with scientists from Egypt, Jordan, Morocco, Spain, Tunisia 7. IGCP 740: West Makran Paleo-tsunami Investigation, Mohammad Mokhtari from Iran with scientists from India, Oman, Pakistan 8. IGCP 715: A new karst modelling approach along different tectonic contacts, Daniel Moraetis from United Arab Emirates with scientists from China, Greece Norway, Oman, 9. IGCP 718: Bringing geology and geoheritage to life, Sherene James-Williamson from Jamaica with scientists from Colombia, France, Trinidad And Tobago, USA 10. IGCP 716: Asian Coastal Resilience Network (ACoRN) Sonia Binte Murshed from Bangladesh with scientists from UK and Vietnam 11. IGCP 725: Forecasting coastal change, Jessica Pilarczyk from Canada with scientists from Australia, Philippines, South Africa, UK, USA 12. IGCP 734: REFRA-SOS (Realtime Flood Risk Assessment in developing countries using Social media, Optical and SAR satellite data)), Muhire Desire from Morocco with scientists from Cameroon and UK 13. IGCP 727: Geological heritage - sustainable management of geological hazards and water resources in transboundary region of Kyrgyzstan Aleksei Dudashvili from Kyrgyzstan with scientists from Tajikistan and Turkey 14. IGCP 731: IUGS Geological Heritage sites, Asier Hilario Orús from Spain with scientists from Brazil, Colombia, Greece 15. IGCP 714: 3GEO – Geoclimbing & Geotrekking in Geoparks, Irene Maria Bollati from Italy with scientists from Greece, Oman, Portugal, South Africa 16. IGCP 736: SEDSNet - Science and Education for Sustainable Development Networks in UGGp), Hugo Filipe Teixeira Gomes from Portugal with scientists from Brazil, Mexico 17. IGCP 737: SMART Geology for better Community, Ljerka Marjanac from Croatia with scientists from Bulgaria, Albania, Bosnia And Herzegovina, Greece, Serbia, Turkey 18. IGCP 726: GEOfood for sustainable development in UNESCO Global Geoparks, Sara Gentilini from Norway with scientists from Portugal, Romania), Uruguay24 ANNEX 4 List of 57 active IGCP projects and their financial status in 2021, IGCP Council approved 49 IGCP project with funding and 8 without funding N° IGCP N° Project title 2021 budget allocated by Council 2021 funding received from UNESCO 2021 budget transferred to 2022 with the approval of the Council First Project Leader Theme 1 636 Geothermal resources for energy transition: direct uses and renewable base-load power around the globe $10.000 $5.000 $5.000 Daniela Blessent (Colombia) [email protected] Earth Resources 2 637 Heritage Stones Recognition a Step Forward (HerSTONES ) $7.000 $7.000 Funding received from UNESCO in 2021 but not spent and will be used in 2022 Paola Marini (Italy) [email protected] Earth Resources 3 661 The Critical Zone in Karst Systems $7.500 NA $7.500 Jiang Zhongcheng (China) [email protected] Hydrogeology 4 662 Orogenic architecture and crustal growth from accretion to collision $5.685 NA $5.685 Prof. Tao Wang (China) [email protected] Geodynamics 5 665 Sustainable use of black soil critical zone $4.500 NA $4.500 Prof. Daming WANG (China) [email protected]. gov.cn Earth Resources 6 667 World Map of the Orogens $7.000 NA $7.000 Dr Manuel Pubellier (France) manupub.pubellier@gma il.com Geodynamics 7 672 Himalayan glaciers and risks to local communities $9.000 NA $9.000 Dr Adina E. Racoviteanu (UK) [email protected] Geohazards 8 673 The End of A Supereon – Winners and Losers at the Precambrian-Phanerozoic Transition $5.000 NA $5.000 Prof Patricia Vickers Rich (Australia) [email protected] Global Change25 N° IGCP N° Project title 2021 budget allocated by Council 2021 funding received from UNESCO 2021 budget transferred to 2022 with the approval of the Council First Project Leader Theme 9 681 History of Toxic Phytoplankton in Patagonia $4.500 $4.500 NA Dr. Claudia Mineli Aracena Perez (Chile) [email protected] om Global Change 10 706 Examination of Recent Transformations of the Eastern Rift Valley Lakes of Kenya and Tanzania $6.000 $6.000 NA Geoffrey M. Wambugu (Kenya) [email protected] Hydrogeology 11 696 The Fate of Mercury Used in Artisanal and Small- Scale Gold Mining (ASGM) in Amazonian Ecosystems $9.000 NA $9.000 Bridget A. Bergquist (Canada) [email protected] a Earth Resources 12 698 Piloting a sustainability atlas for mining in southern Africa (NextMine) $5.000 $5.000 NA Wolfgang Maier (UK) [email protected] Earth Resources 13 705 Building Global Capacity for the Observation of Volcanic and Atmospheric Change $5.000 $5.000 NA Santiago Arellano (Sweden) santiago.arellano@chalm ers.se Geohazards 14 707 Origin, Distribution, and Biogeochemistry of Arsenic in the Altiplano-Puna plateau of South America $8.000 $8.000 NA Murray Jesica (Argentina) [email protected] m [email protected] ov.ar Hydrogeology 15 713 Changing the paradigm in observational volcano science: Community plan for the Global Volcano Observatory (GloVO) Initiative $5.000 NA $5.000 Diana C. Roman (USA) droman@carnegiescienc e.edu Geohazards 16 638 Paleoproterozoic Birimian geology for sustainable development $8.000 Funding received from UNESCO in Moussa Dabo (Senegal) [email protected] Earth Resources26 $8.000 2021 but not spent and will be used in 2022 m 17 639 Sea Level Changes from minutes to millennia $7.000 NA $7.000 Simon Engelhart (USA) [email protected] Global Change N° IGCP N° Project title 2021 budget allocated by Council 2021 funding received from UNESCO 2021 budget transferred to 2022 with the approval of the Council First Project Leader Theme 18 643 Water Resources in Wet Tropics of West-Central Africa (OET with funding in 2022) $5.000 $5.000 NA Bamory Kamagate (Côte d'Ivoire) [email protected] Hydrogeology 19 652 Reading Geologic Time $7.500 $4100 $3.400 A.C. Da Silva (Belgium) [email protected] Global Change 20 653 The onset of the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event $7.500 $7.500 NA Thomas Servais (France) Thomas.Servais@univ- lille1.fr Global Change 21 663 Land subsidence in coastal cities $7.500 NA $7.500 Prof. Xuexin Yan (China) [email protected] Hydrogeology 22 669 Identification of seismogenic faults in populated areas of Latin America and its incorporation into seismic hazard assessment $10.000 NA $10.000 María Ortuño (Spain) [email protected] Geohazards 23 674 Modeling human health impacts of mining activities in Africa for sustainable earth resource extraction $6.000 A $6.000 Simon Sovoe (Ghana) [email protected] Earth Resources 24 675 Sandstone-Type Uranium Deposits $7.500 $7.500 Funding received from UNESCO in 2021 but not spent and will be used in 2022 Ruoshi Jin (China) [email protected] Earth Resources27 N° IGCP N° Project title 2021 budget allocated by Council 2021 funding received from UNESCO 2021 budget transferred to 2022 with the approval of the Council First Project Leader Theme 25 679 Cretaceous earth dynamics and climate in Asia $7.000 NA $7.000 Prof. Gang Li (China) [email protected] Global Change 26 693 Seismic risk assessment in Haiti: insight from paleoseismology, site effects and societal exposure $5.000 $5.000 Funding received from UNESCO in 2021 but not spent and will be used in 2022 Newdeskarl Saint Fleur (Haiti) [email protected] Geohazards 27 668 Equatorial Gondwana history and Early Palaeozoic Evolutionary Dynamics (evaluated in 2021) $9.000 $4.500 $4.500 Nigel Hughes (USA) [email protected] Global Change 28 697 Building New Tools for Data Sharing and Re-use through a Transnational Investigation of the Socioeconomic Impacts of Protected Areas $5.000 NA $5.000 Jamie Trammell (USA) [email protected] & [email protected] Earth Resources 29 700 Carbonate Build-ups in South East Asia $6.000 $6.000 NA Hathaithip Thassanapak Udchachon (Thailand) [email protected] Global Change 30 701 Seismic vulnerability of buildings located on hillsides. Case study: Latin American Countries $4.000 NA $4.000 Edgar Giovanny Diaz Segura (Chile) [email protected] Geohazards 31 704 Carbon in Peat on Earth through Time: Tropical peatland processes and ecosystem services $4.500 NA $4.500 Sakonvan Chawchai (Thailand) [email protected] Global Change 32 685 Geology for Sustainable Development (evaluated in 2021) $10.000 $10.000 NA Iain Stewart (UK) [email protected] c.uk Earth Resources 33 683 Pre-Atlantic geological connections among northwest Africa, Iberia and eastern North America: Implications for continental configurations and economic resources $7.000 NA $7.000 Faouziya Haissen (Morocco) [email protected] om Geodynamics28 34 709 High pressure-Ultrahigh pressure metamorphism and geochemical cycles in subduction zones $5.000 $5.000 unding received from UNESCO in 2021 but not spent and will be used in 2022 Lifei Zhang (China) [email protected] Geodynamics N° IGCP N° Project title 2021 budget allocated by Council 2021 funding received from UNESCO 2021 budget transferred to 2022 with the approval of the Council First Project Leader Theme 35 722- new in 2021 Development Minerals workshop in the Pacific $10.000 $10.000 Funding received from UNESCO in 2021 but not spent and will be used in 2022 Raijeli Taga (Fiji) [email protected] Earth Resources 36 735- new in 2021 Rocks and the Rise of Ordovician Life (Rocks n' ROL) $7.000 NA $7.000 Bertrand Lefebvre (France) Bertrand.Lefebvre@Univ- Lyon1.fr Global Change 37 716- new 2021 Asian Coastal Resilience Network (ACoRN) $7.000 $7.000 Funding received from UNESCO in 2021 but not spent and will be used in 2022 Sonia Binte Murshed (Bangladesh) [email protected] Geohazards 38 739- new 2021 The Mesozoic-Palaeogene hypothermal events $7.000 $7.000 Funding received from UNESCO in 2021 but not spent and will be used in 2022 Xiumian Hu (China) [email protected] Global Change 39 718- new in 2021 Bringing geology and geoheritage to life $7.000 NA $7.000 Sherene James- Williamson (Jamaica) Sherene.James02@Uwim ona.Edu.Jm Geohazards 40 725- new in 2021 Forecasting coastal change $9.000 NA $9.000 Jessica Pilarczyk (Canada) [email protected] Geohazards29 N° IGCP N° Project title 2021 budget allocated by Council 2021 funding received from UNESCO 2021 budget transferred to 2022 with the approval of the Council First Project Leader Theme 41 731- new in 2021 IUGS Geological Heritage sites $10.000 $4.000 $6.000 Asier Hilario Orús (Spain) [email protected] Geoheritage for Sustainable development 42 727- new in 2021 Geological heritage - sustainable management of geological hazards and water resources in transboundary region of Kyrgyzstan, Provisionally accepted for one year with funding $6.000 $6.000 NA Aleksei Dudashvili (Kyrgyzstan) [email protected] Geoheritage for Sustainable development 43 714- new in 2021 3GEO – Geoclimbing & Geotrekking in Geoparks provisional for 1 year with funding provisionally accepted for 1 year $6.000 $6.000 Funding received from UNESCO in 2021 but not spend and will be used in 2022 Irene Maria Bollati (Italy) [email protected] Geoheritage for Sustainable development 44 736- new in 2021 SEDSNet - Science and Education for Sustainable Development Networks in UGGp Provisionally accepted for one year with funding $7.000 NA Funding received from UNESCO in 2021 but not spend and will be used in 2022 Lucas Cezar (Portugal) lucascezar@geoparkestre la.pt Geoheritage for Sustainable development 45 737- new in 2021 SMART Geology for better Community with conditions provisional for 1 year with funding $6..000 NA $6.000 Ljerka Marjanac (Croatia) [email protected] om Geoheritage for Sustainable development 46 726- new in 2021 GEOfood for sustainable development in UNESCO Global Geoparks (Special Award) $12.500 $12.500 NA Sara Gentilini (Norway) [email protected] m [email protected] m Geoheritage for Sustainable development 47 732- new in 2021 LANGUAGE of the Anthropocene $9.000 NA $9.000 Michael Wagreich (Austria) Michael.Wagreich@Univi e.Ac.At Global change30 N° IGCP N° Project title 2021 budget allocated by Council 2021 funding received from UNESCO 2021 budget transferred to 2022 with the approval of the Council First Project Leader Theme 4 730- new in 2021 Hydrogeological Significance of Mediterranean Geoparks $10.000 $10.000 NA Marwan Ghanem (Palestine) Marwan.Ghanem2012@ gmail.com Hydrogeology 49 719- new in 2021 Building Research Capacity for Coastal Resilience in West Africa provisional for 1 year $5.000 $5.000 Funding received from UNESCO in 2021 but not spend and will be used in 2022 Mallé Gueye (Senegal) Malle.Gueye@Univ- Thies.sn Geohazards Total funding allocated by IGCP Council in 2021 $345,185 Total funding provided by UNESCO to IGCP projects in 2021 $177,600 Total budget transferred from 2021 to 2022 with the approval of the IGCP Council $167,58531 ANNEX 4 continued List of 57 active IGCP projects and their financial status in 2021, IGCP Council approved 49 IGCP project with funding and 8 without funding 8 IGCP Projects approved by the Council without new funding in 2021 N° IGCP N° Project title First Project Leader Theme 50 659 Seismic Risk Assessment in Africa- not to fund in 2021 paid in 2020 Mustapha Meghraoui (France), [email protected] Geohazards 51 689 A Better Management of the Ali-Sabieh Aquifer not to pay in 2021 Osman Awaleh (Djibouti), [email protected] Hydrogeology 52 692 Geoheritage for Geohazard Resilience-geopark related project- not to pay in 2021 paid in 2020 Benjamin van Wyk de Vries (France), [email protected] Geohazards 53 684 The Water-Energy-Food and Groundwater Sustainability Nexus (WEF-GW Nexus) Dr Joanna Doummar (Lebanon), [email protected] Hydrogeology 54 710 Western Tethys meets Eastern Tethys – geodynamical, paleoceanographical and paleobiogeographical events Michal Krobicki (Poland), [email protected] Geodynamics 55 715- new in 2021 A new karst modelling approach along different tectonic contacts provisionally accepted for 1 year with no funding Daniel Moraetis (United Arab Emirates) , [email protected] Hydrogeology 56 7140- new in 2021 West Makran Paleo-tsunami Investigation provisionally accepted for 1 year with no funding Mohammad Mokhtari (Iran) , [email protected] Geohazards 57 734- new in 2021 REFRA-SOS (Realtime Flood Risk Assessment in developing countries using Social media, Optical and SAR satellite data) provisionally accepted for 1 year with no funding Muhire Desire (Morocco) , [email protected] Hydrogeology32 ANNEX 5 27 New IGCP Project Proposals submitted in 2021 (to be evaluated by IGCP Council in March 2022) Project Title (short) Project Leader (country) Sustainable Mineral Resource Development in Tethys Metallogenic Domain Mr Wen-Chang Li (China), Mr Jian-Xing Li (China), Mr Tahseenullah Khan (Pakistan), Ms Faouziya Haissen (Morocco), Ms Ender Sarifakioglu (Turkey), Mr Arifudin Idrus (Indonesia), Hui- Shan Zhang (China) Project Secretary: Mr Xiang-Fei Zhang (China), Ms Xia Wang (China), Mr Lin-Nan Guo (China), Mr Hua-Wen Cao (China) Networking and facilitating CZOs (Critical Zone Observatories ) in South Asia Mr Vikrant Jain (India), Mr Paras Pujari (India), Mr Vimal Singh (India) Project Secretary: Ms Vandana Chaudhary (India) Machine learning frontiers in Earth system models James Arnott (USA), Emily Jack-Scott (USA), Martín Bonzi (USA) Project Secretary: Alyson Wright (USA) The Cimmerian Continents Geopuzzle: insights in its paleogeographic and paleoclimatic reconstructions Mr Yichun Zhang (China), Lucia Angiolini (Italy), Mr Masatoshi Sone (Malaysia), Kyi Pyar Aung (Malaysia), Mr Qingguo Zhai (China), Andrea Zanchi (Italy), Muhammad Qasim (Pakistan) Project Secretary: Mr Dongxun Yuan (China) Jurassic Terrestrial Ecosystems Mr Bo Wang (China), Paul E. Olsen (USA), Vivi Vajda (Sweden), Ms Micha Ruhl (Ireland), Christian Salazar (Chile), Igor Kosenko (Russian Fed), Ms Yanan Fang (China) Project Secretary: Mr Jungang Peng (China) Groundwater potential of Kong-Yambetta metamorphic core complexes Mr MBIDA YEM (Cameroon) Project Secretary: BON André Firmin (Cameroon) Karst geoheritage and geoparks Mr Jiang Zhongcheng (China), Chris Groves (USA), Mr Zhang Cheng (China), Mr Jiang Yongjun (China), Martin Knez (Slovenia), Alena Gessert (Slovakia), Marissa Schorr (USA), Mr Zhang Yuanhai (China), Mr Liu Hong (China) Project Secretary: Mr Bai Bing (China)33 The use of machine learning methods in predicting the progression of seawater intrusion in the fractured coastal volcanic aquifer that supplies the city of Djibouti Ibrahim Mohamed Ahmed (Djibouti) Subaqueous Landslides: Impacts on Development, Environment, Resources and Sustainability (SLIDERS) Christopher Jackson (UK), Mike Clare (UK), Mr Harya Nugraha (Indonesia), Ms Farah Mulyasari (Indonesia), Sebastian Cardona (USA), Ms Arti Pratap (Fiji), Ms Arishma Ram (Fiji), Mr Kamal Raj Rejmi (Fiji), Javier Idárraga-García (Colombia), Ms Morelia Urlaub (Germany), John Kurian (India), Sally Watson (NZ), Lorna Strachan (NZ), Mr Nan Wu (China), Rachel Brackenridge (UK), Mr Oded Katz (Israel), Deniz Cukur (Korea), Mr Yizhaq Makovsky (Israel), Ms Aggilekki Georgiopoulou (UK/Greece), Davide Gamboa (Portugal)Project Secretary: Sebastian Cardona (USA/Colombia) Fluid geochemistry and earthquake forecasting Ying Li (China), Mohammad Mokhtari (Iran), Antonio Caracausi (Italy), Mr Galip Yuce (Turkey), Ms Paraskevi Nomikou (Greece), Mr Giovanni Martinelli (Italy) Project Secretary: Mr Le Hu (China) Managing Volcanic-Island Tsunami Hazards Sebastian Watt (UK), Mr Mirzam Abdurrachman (Indonesia), Mr Chalapan Kaluwin (Papua New Guinea) Project Secretary: Sebastian Watt (UK) Mass Movements in Brazilian Semi-Arid Regions with Sismcity Luis Carlos Bastos Freitas (Brazil) Project secretary: Aderson Farias do Nascimento (Brazil) Geological Hazards Awareness George Rwegoshora (Tanzania), Gabriel Mbelwa Mulibo (Tanzania), Margret Mwai Msambira (Malawi) Project secretary: Rosemary Chengula (Tanzania) “GEOhazard-related national Geopark of Armenian HighLAND: Preservation of the geological heritage as a guidance of georisk protection for the society” Lilit Sahakyan (Armenia, f), Narine Hakobyan (Armenia, f, no PhD), Marc Sosson (France, m), Nina Rman (Slovenia, f), Vahram Serobyan (Armenia, m) Real-Time Sharing of Hydro-meteorological Information and Data For Sustainable Livelihoods Against Geohazards Prof. Stanley Omuterema Oluchiri, Mr. Stephen Ogallo, Prof. Samuel China, Dr. Edward Masibayi (KENYA)34 RESOURCES4ALL - Natural resources: the value of raw materials in the context of good mining practices Dolores Pereira (Spain), Ferdinalda Nuvunga (Mozambique), Esther Holden Baptista (Angola), Rosalda Punturo (Italy), Nelson Edgar Viegas Rodrigues (Portugal), Rafael Navarro (Spain), Nellie Mutemeri (South Africa), Aurora Cuaiela João Mateus Bambi Dias dos Santos (Angola) Project Secretary: Vera Isabel Barros Alfama (Cabo Verde) Community Geo-Museums Ranjan Kumar Dahal (Nepal), Ms. Bidisha Bayan (India), Manjit Kumar Mazumdar (India), Ramanathan Baskar (India), Subhash Anand (India), M. Lingadevaru (India), Ms. Satu Hietala (Finland), Jari Kalervo Nenonen (Finland), Manjil Hazarika (India) Sustainable Critical Mineral Resources in East and Southeast Asia Mr Chun-Kit Lai (Brunei Darussalam), Ms Jillian Aira Gabo-Ratio (Philippines), Mr Mohd Basril Iswadi Basori (Malaysia), Elena Ifandi (Brunei Darussalam/Greece), Ms Ping Shen (Malaysia), Mr Lejun Zhang (Australia), Sean Johnson (Ireland), Mr Khin Zaw (Australia) Project Secretary: Charles Makoundi (Australia) 4GEON: Geoparks’ People of Four Continents Connected through Playful Earth Heritage Education Martina Pásková (Czech Rep), Joshua Mwankunda (Tanzania), Marcio Ariel Rivas Núñez (Nicaragua), braham Cáseres Cabana (Peru), Ms Jovencia Ganub (Philippines) Project Secretary: Mr Radek Mikuláš Lake Victoria Geo heritage in the Context of Climate Change and Sustainable Development Ms Otieno Dorcas Beryl (Kenya) Project Secretary: Mr Kennedy Gitu Wagura (Kenya) A geological voyage through fossils diversity: the geobiological record during the last 542 My Elizabeth Chacon Baca (Mexico), Alejandra G. Gutiérrez Alejandro (Mexico), Francisco J. Cuén Romero , Josep Moreno Bedmar (Mexico), Gabriel Chávez Cabello , Gerardo González Barba (Mexico), María Patricia Velasco de León (Mexico) Project Secretary: César Francisco Ramírez Peña (Mexico) Study for the sustainable use of groundwater resources San Benito Abad, Sucre. Clemencia Gomez (Colombia) Project Secretary: Carolina Garcia (Colombia) The development of a "Superceasar" model Ms Lindani Ncube (South Africa) Project Leader: Kawawa Banda (Zambia) Sustainable Geological Resources Field Awareness Mr Botwe Takyi (Ghana), Clement N’zau Umba-di-Mbudi (DRC), Ms Nenita Ntumba Bukalo (South Africa), Mr Koffi Eugene Kouadio (Ivory Coast) Project Secretary: Mr Absai Vatuva (Namibia)35 Poás volcano… more than a crater Mr Gino González Ilama (Costa Rica) Project Secretary: Dmitri Rouwet (Italy) Inventory of the geological heritage of Morocco (IGHM) GHAZALI Mohammed (Morocco), BENLAKHDIM Ahmed (Morocco) Capacity building networks and improved methodologies for increased interoperability mapping and monitoring C stocks Mario Guevara (Mexico, m),Juan Alberto Barrera Berrocal (Chile, m), Carolin Córdova (Chile, f), Lydie-Stella Koutika (Congo, f), Luis Morales Salinas (Chile, m), Erick Zagal Venegas (Chile,m), Efraín Duarte (Chile, m)IGCP 2020 UNESCO annual report 36 ANNEX 6: IGCP Scientific Board Members and Council members Theme Name Affiliation Nationality Term Chairperson: Prof. Dr Sobhi Nasir Sultan Qaboos University Jordan/Canada 2019-2022 Prof. Dr Jonathan Craig IGCP Council Member Eni Natural Resources Theme UK and Northern Ireland 2020-2024 Ea rt h Re so ur ce s Mr. Canet, Carles National Autonomous University of Mexico Mexico 2019-2022 Ms. Castro, Liliana Universidad de Buenos Aires Argentina 2019-2022 Ms. Munkhtsengel, Baatar Mongolian University of Science and Technology, Ulaanbaatar Mongolia 2019-2022 Ms. Boland, Maeve University College Dublin, Ireland Ireland 2020-2024 Mr. Eilu, Pasi Geological Survey of Finland Finland 2020-2024 Ms. Errami, Ezzoura Faculté Polydisciplinaire de Safi, Université Cadi Ayyad Morocco 2020-2024 Mr. Franks , Daniel Sustainable Minerals Institute, The University of Queensland Australia 2020-2024 Ms. Le Ravalec, Mickaele IFPEN France 2020-2024 Mr. Mondlane Junior, Salvador Eduardo Mondlane University Mozambique 2020-2024 Ms. Mutemeri, Nellia School of Mining Engineering, University of Witwatersrand Zimbabwe 2020-2024 Ms. Schneider, Gabi Executive Director at Namibian Uranium Association (NUI) Namibia 2020-2024 Mr. Singh, Satish Institut Physique du Globe de Paris France/UK 2020-2024 Mr. Zhang, Cong Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences China 2020-2024IGCP 2020 UNESCO annual report 37 ANNEX 5: IGCP Scientific Board Members and Council members (continued) Theme Name Affiliation Nationality Term Prof. Dr Hassina Mouri IGCP Council Member University of Johannesburg (UJ) South Africa 2020-2024 G eo dy na m ic s Mr. Jin, Xiaochi Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences China 2016-2022 Ms. Halla, Jaana University of Helsinki Finland 2016-2022 Mr. Kenichiro, Hisada University of Tsukuba Japan 2016-2022 Mr. Aoudia, Abdelkrim International Centre for Theoretical Physics Algeria/Italy 2020-2024 Mr. Gbadebo , Michael Adewole Environmental Mgt & Toxicology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta Nigeria 2020-2024 Mr. Aleksandrowski, Pawel University of Wroclaw & Polish Geological Institute Poland 2020-2024 Mr. Banerjee, Dhiraj Indian National Science Academy/Department of Geology, University of Delhi India 2020-2024 Mr. Brilha, José University of Minho Portugal 2020-2024 Mr. Delvaux, Damien Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium Belgium 2020-2024 Mr. Fassoulas, Charalampos Curator, PHD Greece 2020-2024 Ms. Garcia, Maria Da Gloria Institute of Geosciences, University of São Paulo Brasil 2020-2024 Mr. Giardino, Marco University of Torino, Italy Italy 2020-2024 Mr. Hilario, Asier Basque Coast UNESCO Global Geopark / Provincial Government of Gipuzkoa Spain 2020-2024 Mr. Mocanu, Victor University of Bucharest Romania 2020-2024 Mr. Toulkeridis, Theofilos Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE Ecuador 2020-2024 Mr. Youssef, Driouch Geology Department. FSDM-USMBA Morocco 2020-2024 Prof. Carlos Alberto Vargas J. IGCP Council Member Universidad Nacional de Colombia at Bogota Colombia 2018-2022 G eo ha za rd s Ms. Batista, Maria João Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia Portugal 2018-2022 Mr. Cundy, Andy University of Southampton UK and NI 2018-2022 Mr. Singh, Vimal Department of Geology, University of Delhi India 2018-2022 Mr. Sintubin, Manuel KU Leuven, Belgium Belgium 2018-2022 Ms. Alcántara-Ayala, Irasema Institute of Geography, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) Mexico 2016-2022 Mr. Ghafory-Ashtiany, Mohsen International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology (IIEES) and Iranian EQ Egr Association (IEEA) Iran 2016-2022 Mr. Yirgu, Gezahegn School of Earth Sciences, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Ethiopia 2016-2022 Mr, Bhat, G. M. University of Jammu, Department of Geology teachingg and research India 2020-2024 Mr. Omosanya, Kamaldeen Oasisgeokonsult, Trondheim Nigeria 2020-2024 Mr. Van Wyk De Vries, Benjamin Université Clermont Auvergne France 2020-2024 Ms. Von Hillebrandt-Andrade, Christa NOAA Caribbean Tsunami Warning Program Puerto Rico, USA 2020-2024IGCP 2020 UNESCO annual report 38 ANNEX 5: IGCP Scientific Board Members and Council members (continued) Theme Name Affiliation Nationality Term Prof Dr. Weijian Zhou IGCP Council Member Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences China 2019-2022 G lo ba l C ha ng e Mr. Koenigshof, Peter Senckenberg - Research Institute and natural History Museum Frankfurt Germany 2012-2022 Ms. Leroy, Suzanne Aix-Marseille University, LAMPEA France 2012-2022 Mr. Servais, Thomas UMR 8198 Evo-Eco-Paleo, CNRS - Univ Lille France 2012-2022 Ms. Vickers-Rich, Patricia Monash University Australia 2012-2022 Ms. Marsicano, Claudia Universidad de Buenos Aires -CONICET Argentina 2018-2022 Ms. Orgeira, Maria Julia Universidad de Buenos Aires -CONICET Argentina 2016-2022 Mr. Valenzuela-Ríos, José Ignacio University of Valencia, Spain Spain 2018-2022 Mr. Burr, George S. Geosciences Department, National Taiwan University USA 2020-2024 Mr. Zalasiewicz, Jan University of Leicester UK &NI 2020-2024 Ms. Burke, Cynthia University of Chester UK& NI 2020-2024 Mr. Dodson, John University of Wollongong, Australia, Institute of Earth Environment, China Australia 2020-2024 Ms. Pérez-Cruz, Ligia National University of Mexico/Institute of Geophysics Mexico 2020-2024 Dr Mohamed Jalludin IGCP Council Member Centre d'Etude et de Recherche de Djibouti Djibouti 2020-2024 Hy dr og eo lo gy Ms. Fidelibus, M. Dolores Politecnico di Bari Italy 2016-2022 Ms. Le, Thi Phuong Quynh Institute of Natural Product Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and technology Vietnam 2016-2022 Ms. Vallejos-Izquierdo, Angela University of Almeria Spain 2016-2022 Mr. Schwartz, Frank School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA 2018-2022 Mr. Lachassage, Patrick HydroSciences Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, France France 2020-2024 Ms. Arora, Tanvi CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad India 2020-2024 Mr. Cheng, Zhang Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences China 2020-2024 Mr. Kim, Yongje Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) Korea 2020-2024 Mr. Kurtulus, Bedri Center for Environment and Water, King Fahd Petrol and Mineral University, Saudi Arabia; Department of Geological Engineering Mugla Sitki Kocaman University, Turkey Turkey/Saudi Arabia 2020-2024 Ms. Liu, Fei School of Water Resources Environment, China University of China P.R.China 2020-2024 Mr. Martínez-Santos, Pedro Universidad Completeness de Madrid Spain 2020-2024